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// Audio Quality of CD and Vinyl
#import "/template-en.typ":*

#doc-template(
title: "Audio Quality of CD and Vinyl",
date: "October 30, 2021",
body: [

CD sampling rate is generally 44.1kHz. According to the Nyquist sampling theorem, it can reconstruct sounds up to 22.05kHz, while the human hearing range generally does not exceed 20kHz. Most adults, due to the degradation of hair cells on the cochlea, can actually only hear up to 16kHz. Therefore, sampling generally does not have any impact on sound quality.

The second factor is quantization. The quantization bit depth of CD is 16bit, with amplitude values ranging from 0 to 65535, and its dynamic range is 96dB. To measure the impact of quantization on the signal, the "quantization noise" index is generally used. In an ideal digital-to-analog converter, according to the quantization noise signal-to-noise ratio formula, the signal-to-noise ratio of quantization noise is about 98dB.

Compared to the signal-to-noise ratio of vinyl records, which is usually around 60-70dB, CD sound quality is superior to vinyl records.

In addition, modern music recording and production have long eliminated analog recording. From classical music to electronic music, digital workstations are being used. The vinyl records we can buy are also transcribed from digital signals, which also determines the upper limit of vinyl.

])