Emacs手札
2024-08-03最近把主力編輯器從VSCode切換到了Emacs,這裏給配置過程做一下記錄。
基本設置
讓Emacs把臨時文件都放到/tmp
中,以免污染當前目錄:
(setq backup-directory-alist
`((".*" . ,temporary-file-directory)))
(setq auto-save-file-name-transforms
`((".*" ,temporary-file-directory t)))
設置字體:
(set-frame-font "monospace 13" nil t)
(set-fontset-font t 'han "Source Han Sans CN")
開啓行號顯示:
(global-display-line-numbers-mode 1)
標題欄和工具欄大多數情況下沒有用,反而會佔屏幕空間,因此這裏把它們隱藏,如果需要用到的話可以用F10
呼出。
(menu-bar-mode -1)
(toggle-scroll-bar -1)
(tool-bar-mode -1)
包管理
把Melpa加入Emacs:
(add-to-list 'package-archives '("melpa" . "https://melpa.org/packages/") t)
啓用包管理器:
(require 'package)
(package-initialize)
隨後重啓Emacs,更新包目錄:M-x package-refresh-contents
。
使用M-x package-install
依次安裝下列功能包:
- magit
- lsp-mode
- rust-mode
- dired-sidebar
- treesit-auto
- use-package
- yasnippet
- rg
- counsel
- ivy
- lsp-ivy
- projectile
- company
如果要更新所有安裝的包:M-x list-package RET S-u x
Treesit
啓用內置的treesit然後利用treesit-auto
自動配置:
(require 'treesit)
(use-package treesit-auto
:config
(global-treesit-auto-mode))
然後安裝語法庫:M-x treesit-auto-install-all
Typst
typst模式這個包不在Melpa中,需要從git安裝:M-x package-vc-install
。地址爲:
https://git.sr.ht/~meow_king/typst-ts-mode
然後編譯安裝typst的treesit庫:先輸入M-: (treesit-install-language-grammar 'typst) RET
,然後輸入https://github.com/uben0/tree-sitter-typst
。
配置:
(use-package typst-ts-mode
:custom
(typst-ts-mode-grammar-location (expand-file-name "tree-sitter/libtree-sitter-typst.so" user-emacs-directory)))
Ivy
Ivy是一個minibuffer的補全工具,也有人用helm,不過我覺得ivy更輕更簡潔一點。
(require 'ivy)
(require 'counsel)
(ivy-mode)
(setq ivy-use-virtual-buffers t)
(setq enable-recursive-minibuffers t)
(global-set-key "\C-s" 'swiper)
(global-set-key (kbd "C-c C-r") 'ivy-resume)
(global-set-key (kbd "<f6>") 'ivy-resume)
(global-set-key (kbd "M-x") 'counsel-M-x)
(global-set-key (kbd "C-x C-f") 'counsel-find-file)
(global-set-key (kbd "<f1> f") 'counsel-describe-function)
(global-set-key (kbd "<f1> v") 'counsel-describe-variable)
(global-set-key (kbd "<f1> o") 'counsel-describe-symbol)
(global-set-key (kbd "<f1> l") 'counsel-find-library)
(global-set-key (kbd "<f2> i") 'counsel-info-lookup-symbol)
(global-set-key (kbd "<f2> u") 'counsel-unicode-char)
(global-set-key (kbd "C-c g") 'counsel-git)
(global-set-key (kbd "C-c j") 'counsel-git-grep)
(global-set-key (kbd "C-c k") 'counsel-ag)
(global-set-key (kbd "C-x l") 'counsel-locate)
(global-set-key (kbd "C-S-o") 'counsel-rhythmbox)
(define-key minibuffer-local-map (kbd "C-r") 'counsel-minibuffer-history)
LSP
這裏先只安裝Rust的lsp功能:
(use-package company)
(use-package rust-mode)
(use-package lsp-mode
:init
;; set prefix for lsp-command-keymap (few alternatives - "C-l", "C-c l")
(setq lsp-keymap-prefix "C-c l")
:hook (
(rust-mode . lsp)
;; if you want which-key integration
(lsp-mode . lsp-enable-which-key-integration))
:commands lsp)
(use-package lsp-ivy :commands lsp-ivy-workspace-symbol)
文件瀏覽器側欄
使用dired-sidebar
:
(use-package dired-sidebar
:bind (("C-x C-n" . dired-sidebar-toggle-sidebar))
:ensure t
:commands (dired-sidebar-toggle-sidebar)
:init
(add-hook 'dired-sidebar-mode-hook
(lambda ()
(unless (file-remote-p default-directory)
(auto-revert-mode))))
:config
(push 'toggle-window-split dired-sidebar-toggle-hidden-commands)
(push 'rotate-windows dired-sidebar-toggle-hidden-commands)
(setq dired-sidebar-subtree-line-prefix "__")
(setq dired-sidebar-theme 'vscode)
(setq dired-sidebar-use-term-integration t)
(setq dired-sidebar-use-custom-font t))
然後使用C-x C-n
可以呼出側欄。
Projectile
使用C-c p
快速在項目中跳轉到文件,類似於Vim的CtrlP:
(projectile-mode +1)
;; Recommended keymap prefix on Windows/Linux
(define-key projectile-mode-map (kbd "C-c p") 'projectile-command-map)
Snippet
使用yasnippet
插件:
(use-package yasnippet
:bind
(("C-c n i" . yas-insert-snippet))
:config
(add-to-list 'yas-snippet-dirs "~/.emacs.d/snippets")
(yas-global-mode 1))
Snippet保存在~/.emacs.d/snippets/{模式名}/
目錄下。
Ripgrep
使用rg插件可以快速在項目目錄中搜索文本內容:
(require 'rg)
(rg-enable-default-bindings)
最常用的快捷鍵是C-c p f
,可以在Projectile項目中搜索。
Magit
Magit插件功能比較繁雜,這裏不再贅述了,可以去看magit網站上的教程。
啓用:
(require 'magit)
Markdown
直接加載Markdown模式即可:
(use-package markdown-mode)
Email: i (at) mistivia (dot) com